Using the method of historical sociology, this article seeks to identify the causes and structural and historical contexts that have led to the emergence of political instability and the interaction of these contexts and conditions in the discontinuity and collapse of the emerging constitutional government. The results of the historical case study of this period show that the nature of government and society [scattered and fragmented society and weak government with no institutional capacity] and the lack of balance of power between them, the asymmetric relationship between government and society with the world system and in other words unequal integration and Being on the fringes of the world system, the conflict between institutions and social forces with each other and with the emerging government, the subjugation of the government and the endless conflicts of these institutions and forces within the government and the generalization of these conflicts within society, strengthening social and political gaps They prevent the formation of a government with institutional capacity, engage the government in pervasive crises and deepen its gap with society, adequate conditions and opportunities for social conflicts and political conflicts, and the emergence and continuation of unusual events, mostly violent and outside the institutional framework. The prevailing form of structure and institutions, rules, actors, and government policies provided the emerging constitutional government with challenges and transformation.

Keywords: Political instability, relations between the ruling elites, relations between the state and society, relations between the state-society and the world system

     

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