Household furniture and its role in reflecting the social distinctions of Iran in the Qajar era

Iranian society in the Qajar era was full of many distinctions within social classes. These social distinctions existed in various affairs and issues from small to big and from low to high. In the meantime, household furniture and appliances, although they were essential in the lives of Iranians in the Qajar era, had this capacity so that the upper classes of the society could show their identification and class identity through it. In this research, by using historical sources and texts, with a descriptive-analytical method and with the application of Pierre Bourdieu's theory of social differentiation, an attempt is made to give an appropriate answer to these questions: How did the upper classes and elites of Iran in the Qajar era through means and Did household goods reflect their distinctions compared to other classes of society? Were these classes just looking to meet their needs in purchasing or providing household items, or were they seeking to reflect their class identification and social identity and status through these items? What was the view of the lower classes on the issue of household appliances? This research is based on the basic premise that although the lower and lower classes of the society sought to consider only the issue of necessity and meeting the need in buying and using household items,