historical sociology

Analysis of the Achaemenid Plan of Achaemenian Palaces and Its Influence on Parthian and Sassanid Society Architecture

Volume 7, Issue 1
May 2015
Pages 277-303
historical sociology

Authors

A. R. Hejebri Nobari 1
S. Mohajer vatan 2
R. Afhami 3

1 Professor, Department of Archaeology, University of Tarbiat Modares, Tehran, Iran

2 Student, Master of Archaeology, University of Tarbiat Modares, Tehran, Iran

3 Assistant Professor of of Art, University of Tarbiat Modares, Tehran, Iran

Abstract
The aim of this article is to review the process of plan changes from rectangular shapes to square, and the reasons for these changes through the Achaemenid dynasty. The innovation of using square plans in the second stage of Achaemenid architecture progressed with its developed style that fatherly left influence on domes construction in Parthian architecture. The ideology of “Darius The Great” and the impact of affiliated nations on his intellect were the reasons, for which the transformation of pre - Achaemenid rectangular to square plans was occurred. The cited phenomenon was studied to be the result of Greek’s cultural impression, regarding the use of numbers and figures in plans. Square plans stepped into Persian architecture as the perfect shapes with respect to Pythagorean philosophy and beliefs of some intellectuals, such as Plato. Square plans were, moreover, adapted to create a new style of architecture; since, they were the bases on which domes were constructed.

Keywords

Architecture
Achaemenian
Plans
Square
Dome

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