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The study of speech acts in religious texts is one of the ways to shed light on the hidden layers of the discourse and the recognition of its intended effect. This study is the first to compare the speech acts in a selection of Meccan and Medinan Surahs of the Holy Quran. In a random selection of 40 pages, including 20 pages of Meccan and 20 pages of Medinan Surahs, the frequency of the speech acts was calculated based on Austin’s Speech Act Theory and Searl’s fivefold classification. The results showed that the distribution of speech act types in Meccan Surahs is significantly different from those of Medinan ones. In Meccan Surahs, the representative act has the highest frequency and expressives, directives, commissives and declaratives rank next. In Medinan Surahs, however, the frequency of the representative acts has reduced considerably resulting in the rise of other acts. The statistics suggest that the expression of Devine news and teachings has gained the highest volume in Meccan Surahs, while in Medinan Surahs, direction, prohibition, giving good tidings and warnings are of higher priority.

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When Gazan Khan appointed Rashid al-Din Fazlolah Hamedani the vizier, Persia was in a critical state. As Rahidal-Din believed that this crisis is because of Mongol’s political ideas, he tried to transform Ilkhanate Government into a central power with the use of Iranshahri ideas. Some of his attempts to make political changes can be found in the linguistic structure of his letters. With specific use of language, Rashid al-Din tries to deconstruct political concepts according to Iranshahri ideas. With the use of some language tools such as naming, word choice, verb choice, and conceptual metaphors, this research studies three political concepts, namely, king, people, and religionin Rahidal-Din’s letters. He uses pre-Islamic Iranian kings’ names for Mongols in order to give Mongols an Iranian identity and to justify their domination in Iran. The study of verbs shows that Rashid al-Din gives weak social role to people. He mostly employs linking verbs for people. He also uses religion as a tool to improve Ilkhanate’s power. Therefore, he calls a newly-converted Mongol king, “king of Islam,” “supporter of Allah’s land” and “supporter of Allah’s servants.”

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The 28 Mordad Coup (1953 Iranian coup) is a turning point in the recent history of Iran. Although many books and articles have been written about this event, this paper aims to study the coupe from a different perspective. Wallerstein’s World System theory is one of the major theories that represent the critical and meta-theoretical approach toward current theories which study social, economic, and political phenomena. This study attempts to apply a new approach to analyze the 28 Mordad Coup according to this theory and specifically attempts to examine whether it is possible to explain Mossadeq’s coup and his dismissal on the basis of this theory. The authors believe that it is possible to clarify the British-American coup to dismiss Mossadeq based on two factors of Wallerstein’s theory: preserving exploitation relation, also known as preserving inequality in global domain, and controlling over raw material.