Tarbiat Modares University historical sociology 2322-1941 16 1 2025 03 21 Analysis of the Shiite struggles on the southern coast of the Persian Gulf against Portuguese colonialism (907-980 AH) from the perspective of Charles Tilly's collective action theory Analysis of the Shiite struggles on the southern coast of the Persian Gulf against Portuguese colonialism (907-980 AH) from the perspective of Charles Tilly's collective action theory 23032 FA Farshid Lari Monfared Ph.D Student in Islamic History, Department of History, Faculty of Literature and Humanites University of Isfahan 0009-0000-9074-6006 Mohammadali Chelongar Professor of Islamic History, Department of History, Faculty of Literature and Humanites University of Isfahan. Isfahan Ali Akbar Abbasi Associate Professor, Department of History, Faculty of Literature and Humanites University of Isfahan. Isfahan. Journal Article <span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 95%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; letter-spacing: -.2pt;">The anti-colonial uprisings and struggles of the Shia Muslims against the Portuguese presence on the southern coasts of the Persian Gulf are considered significant events of the 10th and 11th centuries AH. The Shia communities in these regions faced severe hardships due to the actions of the Portuguese and suffered more oppression and injustice than other groups. Therefore, they employed rebellion and uprising as a counteraction method to weaken and expel the Portuguese. Applying Charles Tilly’s theory of 'collective action,' which refers to uprisings, rebellions, and political and social movements at any time and place, can play an important role in offering a new perspective on the subject. Thus, the authors of this study aimed to identify and analyze the factors influencing the formation of the Shia anti-colonial struggles on the southern coasts of the Persian Gulf, using a descriptive-analytical method based on Charles Tilly's collective action theory. The research results indicate that the continued oppression and weakness of economic life in identifying interests, the role of common religious and sectarian identity among people and regional powers as the movement organization, the utility of the political and military capacities of existing powers as a source of mobilization, and the exploitation of regional conflicts and disputes as opportunities, together with the violence and suppression of the natives, created facilitating conditions for the struggles and uprisings of the Shia communities on the southern coasts of the Persian Gulf.</span>   <span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 95%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-bidi; mso-bidi-theme-font: major-bidi; letter-spacing: -.2pt;">The anti-colonial uprisings and struggles of the Shia Muslims against the Portuguese presence on the southern coasts of the Persian Gulf are considered significant events of the 10th and 11th centuries AH. The Shia communities in these regions faced severe hardships due to the actions of the Portuguese and suffered more oppression and injustice than other groups. Therefore, they employed rebellion and uprising as a counteraction method to weaken and expel the Portuguese. Applying Charles Tilly’s theory of 'collective action,' which refers to uprisings, rebellions, and political and social movements at any time and place, can play an important role in offering a new perspective on the subject. Thus, the authors of this study aimed to identify and analyze the factors influencing the formation of the Shia anti-colonial struggles on the southern coasts of the Persian Gulf, using a descriptive-analytical method based on Charles Tilly's collective action theory. The research results indicate that the continued oppression and weakness of economic life in identifying interests, the role of common religious and sectarian identity among people and regional powers as the movement organization, the utility of the political and military capacities of existing powers as a source of mobilization, and the exploitation of regional conflicts and disputes as opportunities, together with the violence and suppression of the natives, created facilitating conditions for the struggles and uprisings of the Shia communities on the southern coasts of the Persian Gulf.</span>   https://jhs.modares.ac.ir/article_23032_5f75d40f9fe2fba50285983dfddfe82b.pdf