2024-03-28T20:03:47+04:30 http://jhs.modares.ac.ir/browse.php?mag_id=70&slc_lang=fa&sid=25
70-5017 2024-03-28 10.1002
Journal of Historical Sociology JHS 2322-1941 2476-6798 2012 3 2 Foucault: Governmentality, Political Subject and Political Action Mohammadsalar Kasraie Homayoun Moradkhani Mohammad Rezaei Why is state, and in a broader view, political system or government, responsible for directing and governing individuals' conduct "both in individual and species level"? And how it accomplishes this "will of governing"? The answers to these questions appear to be different based on our way of perceiving categories such as government, power, or their due relation to the subject. The perspective design of "governmentality" by Foucault could be taken as inception of a new domain in which the triplet categories of government, power and subject are interrelated. It is shown in this perspective that how government's reluctance in using mere violence and, at the meantime, willing to govern people through it will inevitably make subjectification as the sole possible answer to the particular epistemological horizon of the governmentality problematic; an answer, which in form, on the one hand, multiplicities all government arts and, appears as multiplying all government institutions on the other. The form of conceptualizing how power operates, not only explains blurring of boundaries between persuasion and consent during the governmentalization of individuals to create desired subjects, but also it denies “the participation of desire in repressing itself”. Governmentality Subjectification Political rationality Pastoral power Reason of the state Bio- politics Techniques of the self Problematization 2012 4 01 1 34 http://jhs.modares.ac.ir/article-25-5017-en.pdf
70-5567 2024-03-28 10.1002
Journal of Historical Sociology JHS 2322-1941 2476-6798 2012 3 2 An Analysis on the Relationship between Teachers’ Social Trust and Mental Health Mohammad NorianNajafabad Narjes Jahangir Trust is one of the effective cases on the person’s health and providing this health for all kinds of people is one of the basic issues in any society. On the other hand, teachers’ personality as well as their mental and psychological balance are more important than those of the other kinds of people in the society. The present study is an applied and cross-sectional research done by using a survey among different Tiranian teachers in different schools (elementary, guidance and secondary) in 2011.There were 240 people participating in this research. Because of the scattering of research people in various areas, we used multi-stage cluster samples to determine the volume. Also the data were collected by using questionnaires and analyzed by using Lisrel and SPSS softwares. The findings indicated that there was no significant difference between women and men, married and single people and teachers’ mental health rate. On the other hand, there was a direct significant relationship between mental health and various dimensions of social trust. In other words, the more social trust, the more mental and psychological health. These findings are in agreement whit the ideas such thinkers as Putnam, Wilkinson, and Kavachy. Social capital Social trust Teachers’ mental health 2012 4 01 35 60 http://jhs.modares.ac.ir/article-25-5567-en.pdf
70-8207 2024-03-28 10.1002
Journal of Historical Sociology JHS 2322-1941 2476-6798 2012 3 2 Critical Reasoning on the Relation of Theory and Experimentation:Case Study: Epistemic Apparatuses of Positivism, Critical Rationalism and Fuzzy Ali Saie The present article critically discusses about the relation of theory and experimentation. This text is based on rational reasoning. The problem is that dominantmethodology on the relation oftheoryandexperimentationisbasedAristotelian logic in which experimentation has Context of Discovery or context of justification. In Iran, positivism and it’s relation with critical rationalism are misunderstood. This paper attempts to solve this kind of methodological issues through critical discussion. First, we discussed about epistemic apparatuses of positivism and critical rationality. Then, after critical discussion about the two epistemic apparatuses, fuzzy methodology is formulated as result of criticism excised the intellectual traditions. In the end, positivism is discussed as a problem in Iran. Epistemic apparatus of critical rationality Epistemic apparatus of positivism Impressions and ideas Verification Falsifiability Fuzzyepistemic apparatus 2012 4 01 61 92 http://jhs.modares.ac.ir/article-25-8207-en.pdf
70-903 2024-03-28 10.1002
Journal of Historical Sociology JHS 2322-1941 2476-6798 2012 3 2 Pathology of Internet Addiction Hakimeh Malekahmadi Azam Jafariyan Entering any new technology to communities, puts a significant impact on the lives of people. Although technology is not inherently good or bad, but there is some damage that happens just by entering the technology. One damage in connection with internet is the excessive use of the internet or “internet addiction” thatis to be addressed in this paper. Excessive and obsessed use of internet causes psychological, social, academic and occupational problems to gather with physical problems such as eye pain, back pain, changes in sleeping and eating patterns,all of which are defined as “internet addiction”. The sample for this study includes all users in the cafenets of ShahinShahr, Esfahan (Iran), in the winter 2009 that have used Internet. The data needed for research questions were collected interview with 170 of users. For gathering the basic information of research, the Young Questionnaire IAS was used. The results showed that 4 persons (2.3%) got scores above 80 (sever addiction), 46 persons (27.5 %), had average addiction and 120 persons (70.58%) had scores lower than 50 and (normal users). There was a relationship between the excessive use of the Internet and satisfying the needs. Now the subject of “Internet addiction” in society is normal but it is expected that the second group (the average addiction) moves to serious addiction. Internet addiction Chat Pornography Loneliness and Depression Satisfying the needs on the Internet 2012 4 01 93 116 http://jhs.modares.ac.ir/article-25-903-en.pdf
70-4358 2024-03-28 10.1002
Journal of Historical Sociology JHS 2322-1941 2476-6798 2012 3 2 Urban Politics and Urban Diplomacy:From Theory to Experience Seyyed Mahmoud NejatiHosseini Urban diplomacy is a new urban phenomenon and policy in a global urban management arena. It is also an advanced alternative policy instrument for extension of inter-cities social, cultural and political relations as well as corporations on human urban development. For these reasons, many of advanced urban regimes, especially in the western societies, attempt to apply this urban diplomacy in replace for nation-state politics as well as traditional international relations. Then, in this article, we describe both urban diplomacy theory and its relations with urban politics and urban management, as well as its urban policy experiences, which have been emerged in new urban management systems at global level of contemporary urban societies. Furthermore, according to the findings of this article, the main idea and procedure of urban diplomacy is that global mega-cities must solve their urban problems and confront with socio-cultural challenges by urban capacities, abilities and potentials, existing in urban participatory management diplomacy. Urban diplomacy Urban policy Global Urban management Urban regimes Urban politics Global urban societies Human urban development 2012 4 01 117 142 http://jhs.modares.ac.ir/article-25-4358-en.pdf
70-9674 2024-03-28 10.1002
Journal of Historical Sociology JHS 2322-1941 2476-6798 2012 3 2 Women and Safety in Public Urban Space: Case study of AZADI Park, Shiraz Ali Goli Safety is one of the main requirements of communities nowadays. Urban planners and designers have to distinguish unsafely factors in urban environment. The main aim is to increase the safety sense in urban space that is used by all people. Women consistently express greater fears for their personal safety in urban environments than do men. They need special requirement in urban environment in order to increase their perception of safety in urban public space such as parks. This study aims to survey women’s perception of safety of public spaces in Shiraz city (Iran). The data were gathered through a questionnaire. The study space selected for the research is Azadi Park, one of the main parks of Shiraz city. The results showed that there is a directed relationship between women’s sense of safety from land use, traffic and place neighborhood. The findings also showed that the rate of traffic, mix use of locations and places around the park and many space usages such as police office and station as welles religious places would increase the sense of safety. Personal factors (age, education, job and nation) had no relationship with the sense of safety. Safety sense Public space Land use women 2012 4 01 143 164 http://jhs.modares.ac.ir/article-25-9674-en.pdf
70-9270 2024-03-28 10.1002
Journal of Historical Sociology JHS 2322-1941 2476-6798 2012 3 2 The study of Bar Pins in Lorestan Alireza Hejabri Nobari Mousa Sabzi Doabi Lorestan pins as an object with diverse kinds, diverse construction methods and diverse functions, though investigated in the studies of researchers as a part of Lorestan’s bronze objects and, in some cases, in general studies, have not yet been focused on well enough, and no technical studies as such have ever been done on them. Among the manmade objects of the inhabitant tribes in this region are metal objects. One of the metal objects discoveredis metal pin in which different metals such as iron, silver and bronze and,so far in some cases, a combination of these have been used. They date back to the first and second millennium BC. This study tries to investigate, describe, explain, compare and introduce these pins focusing on their manufacturing techniques, designs, type, function and history. Lorestan Iron Era Pin Bar 2012 4 01 165 188 http://jhs.modares.ac.ir/article-25-9270-en.pdf