For the first time, invention of iron production technique emerged by the Hittite in Anatolia, in the mid-second millennium BC. (about 1200 BC). Hittite government collapsed and iron production technology expanded to the adjacent areas, including Iran. Soon iron was used for production of various tools, equipments, weapons, ornaments and other items. In Iran, the first iron objected, in a limited number, appeared among the remains of Iron Age I (1200-1450 BC). Iron objects are much more in the Iron Age II (1200-800BC). In the first half of the first millennium BC the widespread use of iron for making tools led to rapid technological advances and extensive changes in the social and economic structures. In this paper, the role of iron production technology in these extensive changes will be studied.     

Keywords: Iron age, Iron production technology, Technological progress, Cultural development, Axial period

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